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Scarlet elf cup, frosted

Scarlet elf cup, frosted

Scarlet elf cups are distinctive small fungi which grow on dead wood, appearing during the winter. This season’s first ones started appearing at a couple of sites in the Smestow Valley Nature Reserve in the cold spell between Christmas and New Year.

This was the largest individual I managed to find, a centimetre or so across, with growths of frost crystals inside and out.

Scarlet elf cup, frosted

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Deliquescing from the top

Deliquescing from the top

Shaggy inkcaps deliquesce once they have released their spores – the caps turn into a slimy-looking black mess. Normally that happens from the edge of the cap towards the centre, but seemed to be working in the opposite direction in these mushrooms.

Deliquescing from the top

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Velvet shanks on a fallen trunk

Velvet shanks on a fallen trunk

Bright orange velvet shank mushrooms have one of the brightest natural colours of winter, especially when they are moist and glossy.

They grow on the trunks of deciduous trees, living or, as here, fallen.

Velvet shanks on a fallen trunk

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Hollyhocks in winter

Hollyhock in winter

The remains of hollyhock flowers, some covered in early morning frost. The others were in direct sun, so the frost had gone in the few minutes since dawn.

Hollyhock in winter